Gravida / Para

Gravida refers to the total number of times a woman has been pregnant, regardless of outcome — including current pregnancies, miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, and terminations. Para refers to the number of deliveries at or beyond 20 weeks of gestation, whether the baby was born alive or stillborn.

The notation is often written as G#P# — for example, G3P1 means three total pregnancies and one delivery. A more detailed TPAL system adds: Term births, Premature births, Abortions/losses, and Living children. These numbers help fertility specialists and obstetricians quickly understand a patient's obstetric history when taking a medical history during consultation.